| HS Code | 826841 |
| Productname | Adfil Durus EasyShot - Synthetic Macro Polypropylene Fiber |
| Material | Polypropylene |
| Fibertype | Synthetic macro fiber |
| Length | 40 mm |
| Diameter | 0.8 mm |
| Aspectratio | 50 |
| Tensilestrength | 600 MPa |
| Elasticmodulus | 9 GPa |
| Density | 0.91 g/cm3 |
| Meltingpoint | 165 C |
| Alkaliresistance | High |
| Waterabsorption | Nil |
| Dosage | 3-9 kg/m3 |
| Packaging | 1 kg water-soluble bags, 20 kg cartons |
| Fibershape | Deformed macro fiber |
| Corrosionresistance | Yes |
As an accredited Adfil Durus EasyShot - Synthetic Macro Polypropylene Fiber factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Adfil Durus EasyShot packaging: 2.5 kg water-soluble bags, 40 bags per pallet, totaling 100 kg. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Container Loading (20′ FCL): Adfil Durus EasyShot synthetic macro polypropylene fiber, palletized, shrink-wrapped, secured with straps in dry 20-foot container. |
| Shipping | Adfil Durus EasyShot is a non-hazardous synthetic macro polypropylene fiber, not classified as dangerous goods for transport by ADR, IMDG, or IATA. It ships in moisture-resistant bags/boxes on pallets. No special labels, placards, or temperature control are required. Store dry, avoid ignition sources, and use standard handling/PPE. |
| Storage | Store Adfil Durus EasyShot in unopened original packaging in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep pallets off the ground and away from moisture, direct sunlight, heat sources, and incompatible chemicals. Maintain dry conditions to prevent packaging degradation; avoid crushing or puncturing bags. Observe good housekeeping and rotate stock on a first-in, first-out basis. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is five years from manufacture when stored dry in original unopened packaging, protected from direct sunlight. |
Adfil Durus EasyShot is introduced at the ready-mix plant through a dedicated fibre feed hopper mounted above the aggregate batcher. In hard-rock underground headings, the fibre is applied in 4.0–6.0 kg/m³ of fresh concrete, equivalent to approximately 0.44–0.66 vol% at a polypropylene density of 0.91 g/cm³. The paste volume threshold is set by the cementitious content; below 380 kg/m³ of total binder, the upper part of the dosage band requires a mid-range water reducer to keep pump cylinder stroke pressure within seal washer limits. The mix must be pumped through a piston-type shotcrete machine with an S-valve or ball-valve outlet; horizontal pumping distance is commonly capped at 150 m because the macro fibre increases paste-phase viscosity and promotes pressure drop across long steel delivery lines. The addition order is aggregate, cement, supplementary cementitious material, fibre, then water and superplasticizer; the fibre is added at the end of the dry blending phase but before the final 45 s wet mixing cycle. Compliance is assessed through EN 14889-2:2006, System 1 attestation, with mechanical verification under EN 14487-1 for sprayed concrete and flexural toughness according to EN 14651:2005+A1:2007. The resulting sprayed elements are primary tunnel support linings of 75–150 mm thickness, box-hole collars, and stabilised brow consolidation panels. In production, the limiting parameter is not fibre settlement but the tendency of collated fibre bundles to bridge the grate of a 300 mm conveyor hopper when moisture content exceeds 0.5%; therefore, the hopper vibrator is kept off during discharge. Batch-to-batch variance in fibre count is monitored by weighing a 1.0 m³ plastic-fibre mix before it reaches the underground agitator.
In precast segment plants where the fixed mould cycle is 6–12 min, the macro fibre is pre-blended with dry aggregate in a twin-shaft compulsory mixer before the addition of cement and silica fume. The dosage is held between 3.0 kg/m³ and 4.5 kg/m³ because higher addition reduces workability in SCC mixes that must flow through congested reinforcement under a slump-flow target of 650–750 mm per EN 12350-8:2019. Compliance for the precast element is governed by EN 13369:2018 and EN 14889-2:2006 for the fibre. The production sequence is: aggregate and fibre dry-mix for 60 s, add cementitious binder, add water and high-range water reducer to reach a 0.34–0.38 water-binder ratio, cast into carousel moulds, compact on high-frequency vibration tables at 45–55 Hz, and steam-cure at 55°C for 6 h. Heat curing must not exceed 70°C because polypropylene macro fibre stiffness declines at elevated temperature and surface bleeding can leave fibre ends exposed after demoulding. Moulded outputs include bolted precast segmental tunnel linings, shaft rings, cable troughs, and escape walkway segments. Published data for this specific configuration is limited to plant-level trials; laboratory beam data under EN 14651 alone do not predict vibration-induced fibre alignment in curved segment moulds.
The classification is not automatic; Type III designation under ASTM C1116/C1116M-10a covers synthetic fibre-reinforced concrete, but the structural contribution must be demonstrated through ASTM C1609/C1609M-19 third-point load testing. For warehouse and logistics slab placements, the fibre is added at 3.0–5.3 kg/m³ through an automated fibre dispenser mounted on the mixer truck, not by hand-thrown bags. That dosage corresponds to 0.33–0.58 vol%. The placement process is a laser-guided straightedge strike-off followed by ride-on power trowels; fibre addition above 5.3 kg/m³ increases surface fuzz and forces the finishing crew to raise trowel blade pitch earlier, which lowers surface hardness. The compliance framework includes ACI 360R-10, Concrete Society TR34:2013, and EN 14889-2:2006 where CE marking is required for EU projects. Placed articles include external container pavement, interior distribution centre slabs, racking aisles with point loads, and large-area jointed floors. The material is not a substitute for saw-cut joint planning; joint spacing remains governed by slab depth and subgrade modulus, not by fibre type. In outdoor slabs, ultraviolet exposure has no measurable effect on embedded fibre, but protruding surface fibres must be burned off or scraped within the first 48 h of finishing to maintain abrasion resistance under ASTM C779/C779M-19.
| Application zone | Product/material standard | Execution/test standard | Verified parameter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wet-mix shotcrete | EN 14889-2:2006 | EN 14487-1; EN 14651:2005+A1:2007 | Residual flexural tensile strength, CE mark |
| Precast segment rings | EN 13369:2018; EN 14889-2:2006 | EN 12350-8:2019; EN 14651 | Slump flow, post-crack capacity |
| Industrial ground floors | ASTM C1116/C1116M-10a | ASTM C1609/C1609M-19; ASTM C779/C779M-19 | Flexural performance, abrasion resistance |
| Dry-mix sprayed concrete | ASTM C1436-13 | ACI 506R-16; EN 14487-2 | Material conformance, sprayed thickness |
| Marine precast elements | EN 14889-2:2006 | EN 206:2013+A2:2021 | Durability under XS2/XS3 exposure |
In dry-mix shotcrete repair and slope stabilisation, the collated macro fibre cannot be introduced at the nozzle because the nozzle water ring imparts insufficient residence time for dispersion. The fibre is therefore blended into the dry aggregate before the hopper of a rotary-barrel gunite machine. Addition rates are lower than wet-mix applications, usually 2.5–4.0 kg/m³, because the dry process has a lower bond matrix volume and higher rebound after the water ring mixes the powdered cement. Dry formulation is staged with pre-bagged or batch-bin dry aggregate, fibre, cement, and microsilica blended in a twin-shaft dry mixer for 90 s; the mixture is pressure-fed by blowpipe air at 0.5–0.7 MPa; water is added at the nozzle through a variable needle valve, targeting a water-cement ratio of 0.35–0.42. Compliance is checked against ACI 506R-16, ASTM C1436-13 for shotcrete materials, and EN 14487-2 for execution. Installations resulting from this process are thin-shell slope protection of 40–80 mm, culvert invert repairs, and fire-damaged concrete patch liners. The dry-mix process imposes a stricter upper boundary than wet-mix: above 4.0 kg/m³ fibres can clog the gunite material hose at couplings and cause surging at the nozzle, especially when hose diameter is below 50 mm. The addition ratio is therefore verified gravimetrically at the mixer, not volumetrically at the nozzle.
A collated macro fibre does not load uniformly through a conventional screw conveyor unless the fibre feed hopper is fitted with a vibratory live bottom and an auger designed for synthetic filaments. In precast concrete pumpable structural elements such as flood defence headwalls and retaining wall panels, the material is metered into the aggregate weigh hopper at 2.8–4.0 kg/m³ and the batch is mixed in a planetary mixer for 45–60 s after final water addition. The process requires a 0.32–0.40 water-cement ratio and a polycarboxylate-ether superplasticiser dosage adjusted upward by 0.2–0.4 kg/m³ compared with an unreinforced reference mix. Because the product is polypropylene, it does not corrode; compliance for severe marine exposure is evaluated under EN 206:2013+A2:2021 XS2/XS3 exposure classes and EN 14889-2:2006. Precast articles produced under this method are sheet-pile cap beams, flood defence walls, and dockyard crane rail beam plinths. The main production bottleneck is the apparent bulk volume of the fibre; a 3.0 kg/m³ dose occupies roughly 3.3 L/m³ of batch volume, which is small but can be lost in the exhaust filter of a dry cement dust collection system if the fibre is added to the mixer before the cement. Plant trials therefore place the fibre after cement and before the final third of mixing water.
The macro polypropylene fibre is used in light-rail embedded track slabs where steel mesh is omitted to avoid induced-current and corrosion risk. The dosage is 3.0–4.0 kg/m³ in a C40/50 or C50/60 mix design according to EN 206:2013+A2:2021. The slab is placed via a slipform paver or fixed side-form with a compaction beam; for the grass track infill, the fibre prevents plastic settlement cracking around the rail encapsulant grooves and does not affect the later hydroseeding soil layer. Compliance for the concrete is EN 14889-2:2006, with project-level testing under EN 14651:2005+A1:2007 to confirm energy absorption values specified by the rail authority. The cast elements are street-level tram slabs, depot hardstand tracks, and green track infill strips. Published data for this specific configuration is limited; most specifications are derived from full-scale mock-up slabs rather than standard beam tests.
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Adfil Durus EasyShot is a virgin macro-synthetic polypropylene fibre supplied in collated packaging for direct dosing into concrete and sprayed concrete. The product is positioned as a structural polymer fibre under EN 14889-2:2006 Class II, with a nominal cut length of 40.0 mm, a specific gravity of 0.91, and an equivalent monofilament diameter near 0.85 mm, producing an aspect ratio of approximately 47. These dimensions place it in the macro-fibre class, where stress transfer across a crack is generated primarily by fibre pull-out resistance and mechanical anchorage. Published manufacturer data for this fibre class indicate a tensile strength in the range of 300–550 MPa and a modulus of elasticity between 3.0 GPa and 7.0 GPa; batch-specific values should be confirmed against the supplier’s EN 14889-2:2006 declaration. The polypropylene matrix resists chloride-induced corrosion and alkaline degradation in cementitious environments, which distinguishes the product from cold-drawn steel fibres. The intended application envelope covers rock support shotcrete, tunnel lining work, slope stabilisation, and repair layers where welded wire mesh is difficult to fix or where rebound losses from steel fibre addition are considered excessive.
EN 14889-2:2006 governs polymer fibres for concrete, mortar, and ground injection. Class II fibres are assigned to structural use only when the manufacturer demonstrates conformity through System 1 attestation of factory production control and independent testing. The declaration includes geometric properties, tensile strength, elastic modulus, alkali resistance, and effect on concrete consistence. Residual flexural strength values used in design are determined according to EN 14651:2005+A1:2007 or ASTM C1609/C1609M. For sprayed concrete, toughness and energy absorption are frequently evaluated with the ASTM C1550-20 round panel test, and the performance target is stated as an energy absorption value at a defined central deflection, typically 40 mm or 25 mm. Adfil Durus EasyShot is used at dosages between 4.0 kg/m³ and 7.0 kg/m³ in structural shotcrete; the required dosage must be verified by trial mix because aggregate angularity, water–cement ratio, accelerator type, and pump configuration shift the post-crack response.
| Standard / Test Designation | Parameter Assessed | Application Timing |
|---|---|---|
| EN 14889-2:2006 | Fibre geometry, tensile strength, modulus, alkali resistance, consistence effect | Supplier initial type testing and ongoing factory production control |
| EN 14651:2005+A1:2007 | Residual flexural strength of beam specimens | Initial mix qualification and when aggregate source changes |
| ASTM C1550-20 | Energy absorption of round panel specimens | Pre-construction qualification and early production verification |
| ASTM C1609/C1609M | Residual strength and toughness indices | Comparative formulation testing |
| EN 14488-5:2006 | Energy absorption of sprayed concrete specimens | Sprayed concrete process qualification |
In wet-mix operations, the fibre is introduced after the aggregates and cement have been pre-blended to avoid balling. Production lines commonly use twin-shaft compulsory mixers with a capacity of 1.0 m³ and screw conveyors equipped with slow-speed fibre tray dispensers. A minimum additional mixing time of 60 s after the last fibre addition is applied for this fibre class, followed by visual verification of fibre distribution in the discharged concrete. The objective is complete monofilament separation; incomplete dispersion creates fibre agglomerates that can obstruct 100 mm nominal pump delivery lines. When the dosage is increased from 4.0 kg/m³ to 6.0 kg/m³, pump pressure, accelerator dosing, and air entrainment must be monitored. Polypropylene fibres do not require pre-drying under normal storage conditions, but packaging should be protected from direct ultraviolet exposure, oil, and organic solvents.
The fibre volume fraction at 4.0 kg/m³ is approximately 0.44 % by volume, derived from the 910 kg/m³ density of solid polypropylene. At 7.0 kg/m³, the volume fraction approaches 0.77 %, a level that reduces the slump of a conventional wet-mix shotcrete base mix by 30–60 mm depending on aggregate packing and superplasticizer demand. The nominal single-fibre mass is approximately 20.7 mg; at 4.0 kg/m³, fibre count per cubic metre is roughly 1.9 × 10⁵. Published data for this specific fibre configuration at extreme dosages is limited, so batch trials remain necessary when water–cement ratios fall below 0.45 and polycarboxylate superplasticizer demand is high. The polymer softens above 160 °C, and steam curing at 80 °C or higher should be validated through strength development and fibre–matrix pull-out tests before permanent adoption. The fibre does not participate in cement hydration; its contribution is mechanical and becomes significant only after crack initiation.
Steel fibres in cracked, wet environments can corrode at crack intersections; if crack widths exceed 0.3 mm and chlorides penetrate, surface staining and local spalling may be observed. Adfil Durus EasyShot eliminates metallic corrosion at exposed crack faces. The trade-off is elastic modulus: cold-drawn steel fibre has a modulus near 200 GPa, while macro-synthetic polypropylene has a modulus below 10 GPa. Consequently, steel fibre governs elastic flexural stiffness and crack opening control at small crack widths, whereas polypropylene macro-fibre contributes to residual energy absorption and durability without the corrosion-driven failure mode. In sprayed concrete rock support, where the structural demand is dominated by energy absorption and deformability rather than elastic stiffness, macro-synthetic fibre is specified with target energy absorption verified under ASTM C1550-20 or EN 14488-5:2006. The lower specific gravity also reduces the fibre weight required for an equivalent number of fibres per cubic metre, and the non-metallic geometry reduces mixer wear and pump abrasion.
| Property | Adfil Durus EasyShot | Cold-Drawn Steel Fibre, Hooked-End, 35 mm | Micro-Synthetic Polypropylene Fibre |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 0.91 g/cm³ | 7.85 g/cm³ | 0.91 g/cm³ |
| Nominal fibre length | 40.0 mm | 35.0 mm | 12.0 mm |
| Tensile strength | 300–550 MPa, class range | 1000–1500 MPa | 300–450 MPa |
| Elastic modulus | 3.0–7.0 GPa | 200 GPa | 3.0–6.0 GPa |
| Typical structural shotcrete dosage | 4–7 kg/m³ | 20–40 kg/m³ | 0.6–1.5 kg/m³ |
| Post-crack performance parameter | Residual flexural strength to ASTM C1609/C1609M and energy absorption to ASTM C1550-20 | Residual flexural strength to ASTM C1609/C1609M | Plastic shrinkage crack reduction to ASTM C1579 |
| Corrosion behaviour | No chloride-induced corrosion | Susceptible unless galvanized or stainless | No chloride-induced corrosion |
The comparison indicates that macro-synthetic fibre should not be treated as a direct replacement for steel fibre when design calculations rely on the high modulus of steel in limiting crack width or providing flexural stiffness. For shotcrete linings in weak rock and swelling ground, where deformation tolerance is part of the support concept, polypropylene fibre offers corrosion-resistant energy absorption. Structural designs must use the residual strength values measured on the actual mix, because fibre count per kilogram, aspect ratio, and matrix bond vary among macro-synthetic products. The monofilament cross-section of Adfil Durus EasyShot gives a lower specific surface area than fibrillated tape fibre, which reduces water demand at equal dosage and improves retained slump under aggravated placement conditions.
In dry-mix shotcrete, the fibre is added to the dry blend at the batching plant or at the nozzle through a dosing unit. The main process failure is fibre balling in the dry material hopper, which produces uneven fibre distribution in the placed lining. Fibre count verification can be performed by washing a fresh concrete sample over a 75 µm sieve to extract fibres and comparing recovered fibre mass against the targeted dosage. Rebound is measured according to EN 14488-7:2006; published values for macro-synthetic fibre shotcrete can show lower rebound loss than welded wire mesh because the fibre does not create a rebound shadow behind mesh bars, but specific rebound percentages depend on nozzle angle, air pressure, and accelerator dosage. Dry-mix machines operating at air delivery pressures of 7 bar with 50 mm outlet hoses should be checked for fibre accumulation at hose couplings. The product is compatible with alkali-free and alkali-silicate set accelerators used in dry-mix shotcrete, but accelerator selection must be validated because rapid stiffening can trap fibres near the surface and reduce finishing quality. Factory production control for Adfil Durus EasyShot follows EN 14889-2:2006 System 1. Collated packs are designed for automatic dosing into 250 L or 500 L pan mixers; packs should not be cut open and introduced by hand because non-uniform feed rates create fibre concentration gradients within a single batch. Storage in a dry covered area at temperatures below 50 °C is specified. Containers should be kept away from solvents and strong oxidising agents, as polypropylene can swell and lose dimensional stability in contact with aromatic hydrocarbons.
