| HS Code | 855214 |
| Product Name | SikaFiber 111 PPM |
| Product Type | Micro monofilament polypropylene fiber for mortar and concrete |
| Material | 100% virgin polypropylene |
| Fiber Form | Monofilament |
| Color | Natural |
| Fiber Length | 6 mm |
| Fiber Diameter | Approximately 0.02 mm |
| Aspect Ratio | Approximately 300 |
| Density | Approximately 0.91 g/cm³ |
| Tensile Strength | Greater than 300 MPa |
| Elastic Modulus | Greater than 3000 MPa |
| Melting Point | 160–170 °C |
| Ignition Point | Greater than 360 °C |
| Alkali Resistance | High |
| Water Absorption | Negligible |
| Dosage | Typically 0.6–1.2 kg/m³ |
| Packaging | 0.6 kg bags |
| Shelf Life | 5 years |
| Storage | Dry, protected from direct sunlight |
As an accredited SikaFiber 111 PPM - Micro Monofilament Polypropylene Fiber for Mortar and Concrete factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Supplied in 600 g water-soluble bags, typically 20 bags per carton, for easy dosing into mortar and concrete. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | 20′ FCL container loaded with palletized SikaFiber 111 PPM micro monofilament polypropylene fiber bags, shrink-wrapped, strapped, and braced for transport. |
| Shipping | SikaFiber 111 PPM ships as a non-hazardous, non-flammable construction additive, typically in moisture-resistant bags or cartons on pallets. Transport in clean, dry vehicles at ambient temperatures. Protect from moisture, punctures, and contamination. No special dangerous-goods classification is required. Store indoors, off the ground, in a dry area. |
| Storage | Store SikaFiber 111 PPM in its original, unopened packaging in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Keep bags sealed, off the ground on pallets, away from direct sunlight, moisture, heat, and ignition sources. Prevent physical damage and dust generation. Rotate stock and use within the manufacturer’s stated shelf life. Avoid prolonged ultraviolet exposure; maintain clean, dry storage conditions. |
| Shelf Life | Shelf life is 24 months from production date when stored in original, unopened packaging, protected from moisture and direct sunlight. |
Large-area slab construction with a laser-screeded 100 mm to 180 mm concrete layer is highly sensitive to surface evaporation during the first 6 h after placement. At evaporation rates above 0.5 kg/m²/h, bleed water is removed faster than capillary water can replenish the meniscus, creating tensile stress at the solidifying surface. In this condition, SikaFiber 111 PPM is dosed at 0.9 kg/m³ to 1.2 kg/m³ in conventional C25/30 to C30/37 ready-mix concrete and increased to 1.2 kg/m³ to 1.8 kg/m³ when the slab is exposed to wind speeds above 20 km/h or ambient temperatures above 30 °C. The fibre is added at the batching plant either into the aggregate weigh hopper or into the truck drum after the first portion of aggregate and water, followed by a minimum of 5 minutes of mixing at normal drum speed. Because polypropylene has a density of 0.91 g/cm³, 0.9 kg/m³ corresponds to approximately 0.10% by volume. This volumetric loading is sufficient to interrupt bleed-water channels and reduce the mean free path between shrinkage microcrack arrestors in the upper 25–40 mm of the slab. On the finishing line, the fibre changes time-of-set and trowelling response only moderately: profilometer data under ASTM C403/C403M-24 often show a delay in initial set of less than 45 minutes at 0.9 kg/m³, while a high-range water reducer may be required to restore 10–20 mm of slump. The finished floor is then power-trowelled with ride-on equipment; pan blades are engaged after the bleed sheen disappears, and combination blades follow when the matrix surface reaches approximately 0.1 MPa as measured by a pocket penetrometer. The terminal products are distribution centre floors, freezer slab sections, and automotive plant post-tensioned slabs. Specification compliance is referenced to ASTM C1116/C1116M-23 Type III synthetic fibre and ASTM C1579-21 for plastic shrinkage crack evaluation. The fibre does not replace structural reinforcement, joints, or curing compound systems.
In high-strength precast concrete segments with a 28-day characteristic cylinder strength above C70/85, the combination of dense cement paste, water-cement ratio below 0.35, and closed pore structure produces severe vapour pressure under hydrocarbon fire exposure. During rapid heating at 120 °C/min under the RWS curve, free and chemically bound water in the outer 50–100 mm layer converts to steam faster than the matrix can transport it, and explosive spalling can occur. SikaFiber 111 PPM polypropylene micro monofilament addition at 1.5 kg/m³ to 3.0 kg/m³ introduces approximately 0.16% to 0.33% by volume of a phase that melts between 160 °C and 170 °C. The molten polymer leaves a percolated network of channels with diameters of 20–40 µm after vapourisation, increasing intrinsic permeability by a factor of 10³ to 10⁴ in the heat-affected zone. The fibre is dry-blended with the cementitious fraction in a compulsory twin-shaft mixer before water addition, and final mixing is extended to 120 seconds after the last liquid component. For precast tunnel segments, the casting process uses high-frequency external vibration and mould residence times of 12–18 hours before demoulding. The terminal product is a steel-fibre-reinforced or conventionally reinforced tunnel lining segment designed for fire resistance in accordance with EN 1992-1-2:2004 and evaluated by RILEM TC 256-SPF spalling test methodology. Published data for SikaFiber 111 PPM in this exact high-strength matrix configuration is limited; results from similar monofilament PP fibre products at 2.0 kg/m³ in C80/95 concrete under RILEM TC 256-SPF testing show order-of-magnitude reductions in spalling depth, with some panels exhibiting less than 25 mm damaged depth. Project-specific validation remains mandatory because aggregate type, moisture content, and heating rate shift the threshold dosage. The fibre does not act as a structural macro reinforcement and does not replace conventional bar or steel fibre design for mechanical resistance.
Vertical wet-cast production of concrete pipes, manhole risers, and utility vaults places the fresh mix into steel moulds with high surface-to-volume ratios. Early-age plastic shrinkage occurs before the form is stripped, and micro PP fibre dosage of 0.9 kg/m³ reduces the occurrence of radial hairline cracking at the tongue-and-groove joint zones without interfering with demoulding strength development. In wet-cast processes using a 0.40–0.45 water-cement ratio and 100–150 mm slump, the fibre is blended into the mix in a pan mixer: coarse aggregate, sand, and fibre are mixed for 60 seconds before cement and water are introduced, after which mixing continues for 90 seconds. The mix is discharged into an overhead hopper and conveyed to a battery mould; internal vibration is limited to 5–10 seconds per station to avoid fibre clustering at the form face. Stripping takes place when the concrete reaches a demoulding strength of 12 MPa as verified by EN 13791 rebound hammer or pull-out correlation. The finished products—round manhole sections, rectangular handholes, and elliptical culvert units—are then cured under a fog regime at 20 °C and 95% RH for 7 days. Compliance for the fibre is through EN 14889-2:2006 Class I polymer fibre, and the concrete product follows EN 1917 for concrete manholes and pipes or ASTM C1433 for precast reinforced concrete box sections. No change in joint sealant compatibility is introduced by the olefin fibre.
During underground excavation cycles, SikaFiber 111 PPM is added to wet-mix shotcrete for temporary rock support and permanent tunnel linings at 1.0 kg/m³ to 2.0 kg/m³. The fresh mix must remain pumpable through 50–65 mm diameter rubber hose over distances up to 100 m without segregation. Coarse aggregate size is held at 8 mm maximum and the water-cement ratio is kept between 0.40 and 0.48. The material is mixed for 10 minutes in a truck mixer after fibre addition and then transferred to a screw-fed wet-mix shotcrete machine. At the nozzle, an alkali-free liquid accelerator is dosed at 3–7% by cement weight, and compressed air at 0.4–0.7 MPa propels the mixture onto the substrate. The fibre does not replace welded wire mesh or rock bolts in structural support design; in fresh sprayed layers it provides a dispersed network that can interrupt the coalescence of shrinkage microcracks, while rebound and scaling must be established on site with sprayed panels. Sprayed panels for quality control are prepared following EN 14488-1 and tested for compressive strength at 1 day and 28 days; fibre content is verified by wash-out testing following the sprayed concrete specification. The terminal uses include rock slope stabilization shells, tunnel temporary support, and canal lining repairs. The relevant specification is EN 14487-2 for sprayed concrete, with the fibre conforming to EN 14889-2:2006 Class I.
Self-consolidating architectural concrete with white Portland cement, fine limestone filler, and a water-cement ratio of 0.35–0.38 is prone to plastic settlement and surface crazing because the mix is intentionally high in paste volume and low in coarse aggregate. SikaFiber 111 PPM is included at 0.9 kg/m³ to 1.5 kg/m³ to provide a distributed crack-control phase that remains non-magnetic and does not cause surface rust staining. In a high-shear planetary mixer, the sequence is: blend sand, filler, and fibre for 45 seconds; add cement and pigment dispersion; add 80% of the batch water containing a polycarboxylate high-range water reducer; then add the remaining water and mix for 120 seconds. The resulting SCC target is a slump flow of 680–750 mm and T50 of 2–5 seconds. The fibre can reduce visible surface crazing at the mould face when the panel is cured with a waxed form finish; however, the final aesthetic is controlled primarily by form release agent selection and pouring temperature. Demoulding is carried out at 18–24 hours after casting, and the panels are transferred to a rack curing bay at 15–25 °C and 70% RH for 14 days. The terminal products are curtain-wall spandrel panels, hollow-core sandwich facades, and acid-etched or honed cladding units. Fibre conformity is documented under EN 14889-2:2006 Class I, and SCC fresh properties are validated by EN 12350-8 and EN 12350-9 for slump flow and T50.
Repair mortars placed in overhead and vertical applications at thicknesses below 25 mm are especially vulnerable to rapid moisture loss because the exposed surface area is large relative to the mortar volume. When SikaFiber 111 PPM is mixed into a polymer-modified or plain Portland cement repair mortar at 0.6 kg/m³ to 1.0 kg/m³, the dispersed fibres create a fine network that interferes with the coalescence of drying-induced microcracks during the first 8 hours after application. The mortar is prepared in a forced-action paddle mixer; dry fibre is dispersed into the dry mortar components for 60 seconds before adding the gauging liquid at a flow of 150–180 mm on a flow table per EN 1015-3. Substrate preparation includes mechanical profiling to a roughness of at least 3 mm and saturated surface-dry conditioning. The repair layer is applied by trowel or wet spray, then immediately covered with a curing membrane or wet burlap. The hardened repair must meet the requirements of EN 1504-3 class R3 or R4, and the fibre addition does not replace substrate primer, anticorrosive treatment, or structural dowels. Terminal products include spalled balcony edge repairs, beam soffit reconstruction, and patch repairs on bridge abutments. Standard compliance for the fibre is via EN 14889-2:2006 Class I, and the mixed mortar is tested for shrinkage by EN 12617-4.
Cement-based floor screeds with a water-cement ratio of 0.45–0.50 and a thickness of 40–70 mm are subjected to restrained drying shrinkage at the interface with concrete substrates. Curling and edge lift become visible when the top surface loses moisture faster than the bottom, generating a differential strain gradient. SikaFiber 111 PPM addition at 0.9 kg/m³ to 1.5 kg/m³ does not lower the total drying shrinkage of the cement paste; instead, it subdivides the shrinkage strain into smaller, less visible crack widths and delays crack opening until the screed reaches greater compressive strength. The fibre is introduced at the dry-batch stage in a continuous mixing silo during pumped screed placement. The screed is pumped through a 50 mm hose to the application floor, laser-guided rails control thickness, and a rotating disc is used to close the surface after initial set has begun. Curing follows the project specification for cement screeds, and the finished surface receives tile, vinyl, or resin top layers only after residual moisture measurement by the calcium chloride method meets the flooring manufacturer's limit, commonly 4% water content or less. Standard compliance for the screed material is through EN 13813 and the fibre through EN 14889-2:2006. Terminal products are bonded and floating screeds in hospitals, laboratories, and multi-storey residential units. Field data from calcium chloride moisture tests show the fibre does not increase vapour transmission resistance, but final moisture content must be confirmed by the flooring manufacturer.
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SikaFiber 111 PPM is a micro monofilament polypropylene fiber supplied for secondary reinforcement of mortar and concrete. The product is composed of extruded polypropylene filaments cut to a nominal length between 6 mm and 12 mm, with a monofilament diameter typically in the range 18 µm to 30 µm. Published product data list a fiber density of 0.91 g/cm³, nil water absorption, and a melting point near 160 °C. The material is intended for addition at 0.9 kg/m³ to 1.8 kg/m³, where it reduces plastic shrinkage crack widths and settlement cracking in slabs, screeds, overlays, shotcrete, and precast concrete. SikaFiber 111 PPM is classified as a Type III synthetic fiber under ASTM C1116/C1116M and as a Class I polymer fiber under EN 14889-2:2006. It is not a substitute for primary steel reinforcing bars, welded-wire reinforcement, or macro-synthetic structural fibers. Published data for some regional batch-specific parameters is limited; the fiber length and diameter should be confirmed against the technical data sheet provided with the exact sales unit.
Fresh concrete develops capillary stress when surface evaporation removes water faster than bleed water migrates upward. The micro monofilament network increases the tortuosity of bleeding channels and lowers the local tensile strain available for crack opening. Fiber count per unit volume, rather than fiber tensile strength, is the controlling parameter at this stage. A dosage of 0.9 kg/m³ with a filament diameter of 28 µm and a length of 6 mm can introduce on the order of 100 million or more discrete filaments per cubic metre, although the exact count for SikaFiber 111 PPM depends on the regional denier and length; published data for this specific configuration is limited. This geometry is more effective in reducing plastic shrinkage than a smaller count of thick macro fibers because the average spacing between adjacent filaments is reduced. The effect can be measured in restrained slab testing according to ASTM C1579, which compares crack width and crack area between reference and fiber-modified mixes.
The contribution is limited to the fresh and early-hardened states. Once the matrix cracks, the low tensile modulus of polypropylene, typically 3–5 GPa, prevents the fiber from providing significant post-crack residual strength. Specifications that require load-bearing capacity after cracking must therefore use steel fiber or macro-synthetic fiber in addition to, or instead of, a micro monofilament product.
Monofilament geometry differs from fibrillated tape yarns in that it is produced as individual filaments rather than slit-film sheets that open into networks during mixing. In low-water, low-cement paste systems, monofilament fiber at equal dosage typically disperses with fewer visible agglomerations than fibrillated fiber because the filaments do not require mechanical opening. However, the monofilament’s lower aspect ratio and lower modulus mean it cannot bridge hardened cracks under structural load. Macro-synthetic fibers with lengths of 30–60 mm and dosages of 3.0–9.0 kg/m³ are specified for post-crack toughness; SikaFiber 111 PPM is not in that category.
| Attribute | SikaFiber 111 PPM Micro-Monofilament | Fibrillated PP Micro-Fiber | Macro-Synthetic Fiber | Steel Fiber |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary function | Plastic shrinkage and settlement crack reduction | Plastic shrinkage control | Post-crack toughness and crack-width control | Structural hardening and post-crack strength |
| Typical addition rate | 0.9–1.8 kg/m³ | 0.6–1.5 kg/m³ | 3.0–9.0 kg/m³ | 20–40 kg/m³ |
| Fiber density | 0.91 g/cm³ | 0.91 g/cm³ | 0.90–0.95 g/cm³ | 7.85 g/cm³ |
| Post-crack residual load capacity | Negligible; not a design parameter | Negligible | Measurable under ASTM C1609/C1609M | High under ASTM C1609/C1609M; design curves required |
| Alkali or corrosion resistance | High; inert in alkaline pore solution | High | High | Requires coating or stainless grade for corrosion-prone exposure |
| Water absorption | Nil | Nil | Low | Nil |
| Typical length | 6–12 mm | 12–19 mm | 30–60 mm | 25–60 mm |
Because the monofilament has a density of 0.91 g/cm³, it remains suspended in paste once wetted; however, in high-slump mixes exceeding 200 mm, fibers may migrate upward if paste viscosity is too low. This behavior differs from steel fiber, which tends to settle, and from fibrillated fiber, which can interlock with aggregate more aggressively. The practical consequence is that SikaFiber 111 PPM should be added to the mixer after aggregate and water have formed a homogeneous paste, not blown into dry sand, unless the plant uses a calibrated fiber dispenser validated by a plant trial. In truck mixers, a mixing speed of 14–18 rpm for 4–5 minutes after fiber addition is commonly specified; published data for this specific configuration is limited because truck blade condition, batch size, and discharge sequence alter dispersion efficiency.
The manufacturer’s published addition range for crack control typically spans 0.9–1.8 kg/m³. Dosages above 2.4 kg/m³ are generally outside the intended plastic-crack-control envelope and may cause fiber balling, paste thickening, and surface fuzzing, particularly when the mix is finished with a power trowel. The heat generated by power trowel blades can raise the concrete surface temperature near the polypropylene softening point, leading to localized fiber smear if the trowel is operated at high blade pitch or after bleed water has disappeared. The finishability risk is higher in low-bleed mixes containing silica fume or high-range water-reducing admixtures. For air-entrained mixes, the addition of micro-monofilament must not be assumed to replace the air-void system; air content should be monitored according to ASTM C231/C231M, and any change in air-void characteristics should be corrected through admixture dosage, not fiber reduction alone. Published data for this specific configuration is limited.
In central mix plants, batch logs frequently show that delayed addition after visible paste formation lowers the number of fiber agglomerations visible on the discharge belt. The fiber’s low density and high surface area make it sensitive to charging sequence: introduction into the aggregate weigh hopper may allow fibers to segregate with dust or become trapped in transfer chutes. For dry-cast pipe and block machine operations, the fiber is typically premixed with fine aggregate before cement because zero-slump concrete provides minimal liquid phase for fiber dispersion.
High-strength concrete with compressive strength above 60 MPa is susceptible to explosive spalling under rapid heating because low permeability limits vapor escape. Micro polypropylene monofilament melts near 160 °C to 170 °C, creating capillary channels that temporarily increase permeability. The efficacy is dosage-dependent, commonly reported between 1.0 kg/m³ and 3.0 kg/m³ for tunnel linings and high-rise columns. SikaFiber 111 PPM should not be used as the sole fire-safety measure without validation through furnace testing such as ISO 834-1 or the relevant national concrete fire test. Published data for this specific configuration is limited, particularly for very high-strength mixes above 100 MPa; therefore the critical dosage must be established by comparative slab or column furnace testing.
For repair mortars and screeds, the fiber is blended into the dry mortar at the mixer and then gauged with water. It is suitable for applications where surface crazing must be controlled, such as overlays, stucco, and hand-applied mortar. The inclusion of SikaFiber 111 PPM does not alter cement hydration kinetics, and the polypropylene is inert in alkaline pore solution. However, because it does not contribute post-crack residual strength, structural overlays still require reinforcement according to EN 1992-1-1 or ACI 318 design provisions.
| Standard | Scope | Relevance to SikaFiber 111 PPM |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM C1116/C1116M | Standard specification for fiber-reinforced concrete | Type III synthetic fiber classification for plastic shrinkage control |
| EN 14889-2:2006 | Polymer fibres for concrete – definitions, specifications and conformity | Class I polymer fiber declaration for EU harmonised use |
| ASTM C1579 | Plastic shrinkage cracking of restrained fiber-reinforced concrete | Pre-qualification testing for crack-width reduction at specified dosage |
| ASTM C143/C143M | Slump of hydraulic-cement concrete | Quality control after fiber addition; detects workability loss |
| ASTM C231/C231M | Air content of freshly mixed concrete by pressure method | Verification of air-void system stability when fiber is used with air-entraining admixtures |
| ISO 834-1 | Fire-resistance tests – elements of building construction | Reference for fire-spalling control validation when SikaFiber 111 PPM is specified in high-strength concrete; published data for this specific configuration is limited |
